氯喹抗病毒作用及机制研究进展

Research progress in the antiviral effects and mechanisms of chloroquine

摘要:

氯喹是一种价格低廉的传统抗疟药物，因其广泛的研究基础以及潜在的抗肿瘤、抗病毒特性而备受关注。氯喹在体外对多种人类和动物致病病毒具有广谱抑制作用，在体内对寨卡病毒以及猫冠状病毒也具有抗病毒效果。氯喹的作用机制主要包括：抑制病毒与宿主细胞的结合及内化过程，调控病毒核酸识别通路，阻断自噬体成熟，以及调节细胞因子分泌等免疫应答。本文系统综述了氯喹的抗病毒作用及其分子机制，为后续将氯喹及其衍生物开发为抗病毒药物提供了理论参考。

Abstract:

Chloroquine, a low-cost antimalarial agent, has garnered significant interest due to its extensive research foundation and potential anti-tumor and antiviral properties. Chloroquine exhibits broad-spectrum inhibitory effects against diverse human and animal pathogenic viruses in vitro. Its antiviral efficacy has been demonstrated against Zika virus and feline coronavirus in vivo. The primary action mechanisms of chloroquine include inhibition of viral binding to host cells and subsequent internalization, modulation of viral nucleic acid recognition pathways, blockade of autophagosome maturation, and regulation of cytokine secretion in the immune response. This review systematically summarizes the antiviral effects and mechanisms of chloroquine, providing a theoretical foundation for the future development of chloroquine and its derivatives as antivirals.