细菌介导的矿化机制及其在生物医学应用的研究进展

Mechanisms of bacteria-mediated mineralization and recent advances in their biomedical applications

摘要:

近年来，微生物介导的矿化作为自然界中广泛存在的生物矿化过程已成为研究热点。该过程不仅深刻影响着自然界矿物的形成与地球元素循环，还参与生物体内矿物的形成，具有重要的生态学和生物学意义。细菌因代谢活性强、环境适应范围广，在微生物介导的矿化中极具代表性。本文综述了细菌介导的矿化机制及其在生物医学领域的应用，重点阐释了细菌控制矿化、细菌诱导矿化、细菌影响矿化这3种主要机制，探讨了其在医学成像、靶向治疗、组织工程等方向的应用潜力，旨在为相关研究与实践应用提供有益参考和科学启示。

Abstract:

In recent years, microbially mediated mineralization, a widespread form of biomineralization in nature, has emerged as a research hotspot. This process not only exerts profound influences on mineral formation and global biogeochemical cycling but also contributes to mineral deposition within living organisms, thereby holding significant ecological and biological importance. Among microorganisms, bacteria—characterized by high metabolic activity and remarkable environmental adaptability—represent the most prominent agents in microbial mineralization. This review summarizes the mechanisms of bacteria-mediated mineralization and their applications in the biomedical field, with a particular emphasis on three principal mechanisms: bacteria-controlled mineralization, bacteria-induced mineralization, and bacteria-influenced mineralization. Furthermore, the potential applications of these processes in medical imaging, targeted therapy, and tissue engineering are discussed. The overarching aim is to provide valuable references and scientific insights to inform future research and facilitate their translation into practical applications.