好氧氨氧化微生物类群及其介导的氧化亚氮产生机制综述

Aerobic ammonia-oxidizing microorganisms and the mechanisms of nitrous oxide production: a review

摘要:

近年来，随着氧化亚氮(nitrous oxide, N₂O)在大气中浓度的逐年上升，微生物介导的N₂O产生机制日益引起学界的关注。近期研究表明，好氧氨氧化微生物(aerobic ammonia oxidizing microorganisms, AOMs)参与的氨氧化过程是全球N₂O的主要来源之一。本文从AOMs的种群分类、各类群的生态分布特点及影响其分布的环境因素、AOMs介导N₂O产生的热点地区、AOMs产生N₂O的途径及其影响因素进行归纳总结，并对未来的研究方向进行了展望。本综述有助于进一步理解AOMs类群及其产N₂O机制。

Abstract:

The rising level of atmospheric nitrous oxide (N₂O) has garnered the attention of researchers to microorganism-mediated N₂O synthesis in recent years. According to the recent studies, one of the main sources of N₂O in the world is the nitrification process carried out by aerobic aerobic ammonia oxidizing microorganisms (AOMs). We summarized the taxa of AOMs, the ecological distribution of AOMs, the environmental factors influencing the distribution, and the hotspots, pathways, and influencing factors of AOM-mediated N₂O production. Finally, we prospected the future research directions in this field. This review improves our understanding of AOMs and their mechanisms of N₂O production.