肠道菌群调控程序性细胞死亡在结直肠癌中的研究进展

Research progress in the regulation of programmed cell death by gut microbiota in colorectal cancer

摘要:

结直肠癌(colorectal cancer, CRC)是常见的消化道恶性肿瘤之一，其发病机制复杂，总体预后欠佳。肠道菌群及其代谢物可通过调控多种程序性细胞死亡(programmed cell death, PCD)方式，在CRC中发挥促癌或抑癌的双重作用，同时影响肿瘤对化疗和免疫治疗的敏感性。本文系统阐述了肠道菌群通过调控凋亡、自噬、铁死亡和焦亡等PCD方式影响CRC发生、发展及治疗反应的最新研究进展，并讨论了其潜在的临床转化价值，为深入理解CRC的发病机制及开发基于肠道菌群的新型治疗策略提供理论依据。

Abstract:

Colorectal cancer (CRC), one of the most common malignancies of the digestive system, is characterized by complex pathogenic mechanisms and an overall poor prognosis. The gut microbiota and its metabolites play a dual role in CRC by modulating various forms of programmed cell death (PCD), either promoting or inhibiting tumorigenesis and influencing the tumor responses to chemotherapy and immunotherapy. This review systematically summarizes recent advances in understanding how the gut microbiota regulates CRC initiation, progression, and responses to therapies through the modulation of apoptosis, autophagy, ferroptosis, and pyroptosis. Furthermore, it discusses the potential clinical-translational implications of these findings, aiming to provide a theoretical foundation for elucidating CRC pathogenesis and developing novel therapeutic strategies targeting the gut microbiota.