面向智能与数字时代的工程微生物资源库建设：理念、路径与展望

Building of the Engineered Microorganisms and Genetic Tools Collection Center of China for the intelligent and digital era: concepts, approaches, and prospects

摘要:

工程微生物作为生物制造与新生物经济发展的核心驱动力量，其战略价值日益凸显。新近建设的教育部工程微生物资源库力求突破传统“菌种保藏中心”的局限，构建一个以信息技术为支撑，集资源获取、智能创制、数据分析与开放共享功能于一体，面向基础研究、技术开发、产业应用需求的综合性资源创新服务平台。本文详细阐述了资源库“三位一体”的建设框架：以规模化资源保藏为基础，智能化挖掘分析为核心，数字化存算共享为纽带。通过开展特种与工业微生物及质粒的规模化获取与标准化保藏工作，并整合高通量自动化、多组学、单细胞分析、人工智能(artificial intelligence, AI)预测模型及数字孪生等前沿技术，使资源库实现“获取保藏-分析鉴定-数据共享”的全流程贯通。在借鉴美国典型培养物保藏中心(American Type Culture Collection, ATCC)等国际知名机构标准化与质量控制体系的基础上，创建“活体-信息-智能”的资源库模式，为我国合成生物学、代谢工程、生物医药、环境修复等领域的科技创新与产业升级提供强有力的资源保障与技术支撑。

Abstract:

Engineered microorganisms, as the core driving force of biomanufacturing and the development of the new bio-economy, demonstrate increasingly prominent strategic values. The newly built Engineered Microorganisms and Genetic Tools Collection Center of China (EMTCC) supported by the Ministry of Education aims to break through the limitations of “microbial culture collection centers” and provide a comprehensive resource innovation service platform supported by information technology and integrating resource acquisition, intelligent creation, data analysis, and open sharing functions. This platform intends to meet the needs of basic research, technology development, and industrial applications. This article elaborates on the building framework of EMTCC, which takes large-scale resource preservation as the basis, intelligent mining and analysis as the core, and digital storage and computing sharing as the link. By carrying out large-scale acquisition and standardized preservation of natural and engineered microorganisms and plasmids and integrating cutting-edge technologies such as high-throughput automation, multi-omics, single-cell analysis, artificial intelligence prediction models, and digital twins, the EMTCC achieves a complete process of “acquisition & preservation, analysis & identification, and data sharing”. On the basis of drawing on the standardization and quality control systems of internationally renowned institutions such as American Type Culture Collection (ATCC), a resource repository model integrating living “organisms, information, and intelligence” will be developed. This innovative practice is expected to provide strong resource guarantee and technical support for research innovation and industrial upgrading in the fields of synthetic biology, metabolic engineering, biomedicine, and environmental remediation.