蜜蜂肠道微生物的时空特性和功能研究进展

Research progress in temporospatial characteristics and functions of gut microbiota in honeybees

摘要:

蜜蜂(Apis mellifera)是全球范围内至关重要的授粉昆虫，同时也是研究发育与行为模式的重要生物模型，兼具显著的经济、生态及科研价值。蜜蜂肠道微生物，作为其生存的“共生体”，借助社会行为互动传播，对蜜蜂的发育与健康发挥着关键作用。这些微生物不仅助力蜜蜂消化吸收营养物质，还能有效抵御病原体侵袭，增强宿主免疫力。近年来，蜜蜂已成为肠道微生物研究的热门模型。科研人员不仅深入分析了蜜蜂肠道微生物群的组成与功能，还积极探索了菌株的多样性与特定功能。本文综述了蜜蜂肠道微生物群的时空动态变化特性、影响微生物群落结构的因素、微生物群对蜜蜂生物学特性及健康的影响，以及微生物的功能性应用，旨在为蜜蜂肠道微生物的研究与实践应用提供有价值的参考。

关键词:蜜蜂;肠道微生物;时空特性;功能研究

Abstract:

Honeybees (Apis mellifera) are important pollinators worldwide and models for the research on development and behaviors, showcasing great economic, environmental, and scientific benefits. As the symbiont of honeybees, the gut microbiota is transmitted through social behavioral interactions and plays a crucial role in the development and health of honeybees. It not only helps honeybees digest and absorb nutrients but also helps resist pathogen invasion and enhance immunity. Recently, honeybees have emerged as the models for studying gut microbiota. Researchers not only analyzed the composition and function of the gut microbiota in honeybees but also explored the diversity and functions of strains. This paper reviews the temporospatial dynamics of the gut microbiota in honeybees, the factors affecting the gut microbiota, the influences of the gut microbiota on the biological characteristics and health of honeybees, and the functional applications of the gut microbiota, providing references for the research and application of the gut microbiota in honeybees.

Key words:honeybee;gut microbiota;temporospatial characteristics;functional research