我国专利微生物资源价值实现的发展建议

Suggestions on the value realization of patent microbial resources in China

摘要:

微生物专利菌株作为生物技术的“基因芯片”，其保藏量与发放量的动态平衡已成为衡量国家生物经济竞争力的重要标尺。本文通过对比2001-2023年全球专利菌株保藏与发放数据，系统分析了中美等国在资源储备与流通效率方面的差距。结果表明，我国虽保藏量居全球领先地位，但发放率远低于国际水平，制约了技术创新与产业转化。本研究提出可通过优化保藏体系、强化政策协同、推动产学研协同创新、加强国际合作以及实施人工智能与区块链技术应用的全链条战略等策略，提升菌株发放率，激活我国专利微生物资源价值，助力我国抢占全球生物经济制高点。

Abstract:

The dynamic balance between the preservation and distribution of microbial patent strains, the “gene chips” of biotechnology, has become a crucial benchmark for assessing a country’s competitiveness in the bioeconomy. By comparing the global data on the preservation and distribution of patent strains from 2001 to 2023, this paper systematically analyzes the gaps between China, the United States, and other countries in terms of resource reserves and circulation efficiency. The results revealed that while China was a global leader in preservation volume, its strain distribution rate lagged far behind the international level, which restricted technological innovation and industrial transformation. This study proposes comprehensive strategies such as optimizing the preservation systems, enhancing policy coordination, promoting industry-education-research collaborative innovation, strengthening international cooperation, and applying artificial intelligence and blockchain technologies throughout the entire chain. These strategies are designed to enhance the utilization rate of microbial strains, activate the value of China’s patent microbial resources, and position China at the forefront of the global bioeconomy.