莽草酸的生物合成研究进展

Research progress in shikimic acid biosynthesis

摘要:

莽草酸(shikimic acid, SA)是一种重要的天然化合物，在生物体内具有抗病毒、抗血栓、镇痛、抑菌、抑制恶性肿瘤等多重功能，广泛应用于医药、化妆品、食品和农业等领域，因此被视为是极具潜力的生物分子。作为芳香族化合物的前体，莽草酸在生物体内的代谢途径中起着重要作用。传统的莽草酸生产方式主要依赖于从植物(如八角茴香)中提取或通过化学合成，这些方法不仅成本高、效率低，还对环境造成负担。随着合成生物学和代谢工程技术的不断进步，利用生物代谢工程技术生产莽草酸因其更高的可持续性和经济性，逐渐成为研究热点。本文综述了莽草酸的应用领域及其生产方法，并重点阐述了其生物合成的研究进展与优化策略。

关键词:莽草酸途径;莽草酸;生物合成;生产策略;文献信息学

Abstract:

Shikimic acid (SA) is an important natural compound with many biological activities, including antiviral, antithrombotic, analgesic, antimicrobial, and anti-cancer properties. Due to its diverse applications in medicine, cosmetics, food, and agriculture, SA is considered a highly promising biomolecule. As a precursor of aromatic compounds, SA plays a crucial role in various metabolic pathways within organisms. Traditional methods for producing SA mainly rely on plant extraction (such as star anise) or chemical synthesis. However, these approaches face challenges such a high costs, low efficiency, and environmental concerns. With the ongoing advancements in synthetic biology and metabolic engineering, the production of SA through metabolic engineering has emerged as a focal point of research, offering a more sustainable and cost-effective alternative. This paper reviews the applications and production methods of SA, with a particular emphasis on recent progress and optimization strategies in its biosynthesis.

Key words:shikimic acid pathway;shikimic acid;biosynthesis;production strategies;literature informatics