潜在的抗金黄色葡萄球菌靶点：SaeRS双组分调控系统

A potential anti-Staphylococcus aureus target: SaeRS two-component regulatory system

摘要:

SaeRS双组分调控系统是金黄色葡萄球菌(Staphylococcus aureus)中重要的调控系统，因其能够协调多种毒力因子的表达和生物被膜形成，并介导严重致病性而被广泛深入研究。SaeRS系统通过传感器组氨酸激酶SaeS识别外部信号，并通过调节SaeR的磷酸化状态来激活其功能，而辅助蛋白SaeP和SaeQ在该系统中发挥着增强功能的作用，帮助细菌逃避宿主免疫应答。此外，S. aureus的其他调控系统及调节因子可协同SaeRS系统参与毒力表达调控，进一步增强细菌的致病性。本文综述了SaeRS系统及其与其他调控系统和因子相互作用以调控毒力因子表达和生物被膜形成的机制，总结了针对SaeRS系统的靶向药物，并分析了抗SaeRS系统药物的具体实例以协助筛选和设计新的靶向药物，为SaeRS系统的具体调控机制研究以及S. aureus相关感染的治疗提供参考。

关键词:金黄色葡萄球菌;SaeRS双组分系统;毒力因子;生物被膜;抗菌靶点

Abstract:

The SaeRS system has been extensively and intensively studied for its involvement in the regulation of virulence factor expression and biofilm formation in the Gram-positive pathogen Staphylococcus aureus, mediating severe pathogenicity. The activation of the system depends on the recognition of external signals by the sensor histidine kinase SaeS and the phosphorylation status of the response regulator SaeR. With the help of auxiliary proteins SaeP and SaeQ, S. aureus is prompted to express a variety of virulence factors, coordinate its biofilm formation, and even evade the host immune response. In addition, other regulatory systems and modulators of S. aureus can synergize with the SaeRS system to participate in the regulation of virulence factor expression, enhancing bacterial pathogenicity. This paper reviews the SaeRS system and its interactions with other regulatory systems and factors to regulate the expression of virulence factors and biofilm formation. It summarizes targeted drugs against the SaeRS system and analyzes specific examples of anti-SaeRS system drugs to provide clues for the screening and design of new targeted drugs. This review is expected to provide a theoretical basis for the research on the specific regulatory mechanisms of the SaeRS system and the treatment of S. aureus-associated infections.

Key words:Staphylococcus aureus;SaeRS two-component system;virulence factor;biofilm;antibacterial target