共培养微生物降解多环芳烃的研究进展

Research progress in the degradation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons by co-cultured microorganisms

摘要:

多环芳烃(polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, PAHs)在环境中分布广泛，且具有显著的生态和环境毒理效应，因此，对PAHs污染场地的治理与修复备受关注。微生物降解作为多环芳烃污染的修复的方式之一，具有成本低、效率高、环境友好等诸多优点。相较于传统的单一菌株降解方法，共培养微生物体系通常展现出更优的降解效果，具有更强的适应性和抗逆性。本文综述了降解多环芳烃的共培养微生物的菌株种类及其降解机理，并指出了构建共培养体系的策略及不同微生物组合，为共培养微生物菌群应用于有机污染环境的生物强化修复提供了参考。

关键词:共培养;微生物;多环芳烃;降解机理

Abstract:

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are widely distributed in the environment and have ecological and environmental toxicological effects. Therefore, the treatment and remediation of PAH-contaminated sites have attracted much attention. Microbial degradation, as one of the remediation methods for PAH pollution, has the advantages of low cost, high efficiency, and environmental friendliness. The co-cultured microbial system usually has better degradation effect, stronger adaptability, and greater resistance to stress than single strains. This paper reviews the microbial species and mechanisms of co-cultured microorganisms for degrading PAHs and points out the strategies for constructing co-culture systems and different microbial combinations, hoping to provide reference for the application of co-cultured microbial flora in the remediation of organically polluted environments.

Key words:co-culture;microorganism;polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon;degradation mechanism