多技术融合驱动的重离子辐射诱变育种：从机制到应用

Heavy ion radiation-based mutation breeding driven by multi-technology integration: from mechanism to application

摘要:

重离子辐射具有诱变率高、诱变谱宽、突变体稳定等独特优势，在微生物菌种选育中发挥着重要作用。然而，辐射诱变育种固有的随机性限制了其效率与质量的进一步提升，这已成为研究者亟待突破的核心难题。根据重离子辐射诱变育种的流程，本文提出一套串联策略以推动高效、高质量的重离子辐射诱变育种实践。该策略包括：从立体维度优化辐射参数，调控细胞辐射损伤敏感性与修复能力；结合重离子辐射、实验室适应性进化及其他诱变剂开展渐进式辐射处理；并通过高通量筛选及后续的鉴定、验证和整合，提高诱变率、筛选效率和正向突变的利用率。同时，针对重离子辐射诱变育种的完整闭环，本文展望了整合系列策略的诱变育种工作站，为基于重离子辐射的优良微生物资源创制提供重要参考。

Abstract:

Heavy ion radiation (HIR) is effective for generating new germplasm in plants and microorganisms due to its high mutation induction rate, broad mutagenesis spectrum, and excellent stability of mutants. However, the random mutagenesis induced by radiation limits the efficiency and quality of HIR-based mutation breeding, which has become a key problem to be tackled. According to the process of heavy ion radiation-based mutation breeding, this review proposes a set of tandem strategies to enable efficient and high-quality HIR-based mutation breeding practices. These strategies include adjusting the radiation parameters from multiple dimensions, regulating cellular sensitivity to radiation damage and damage repair capacity, combining heavy ion radiation with adaptive laboratory evolution, integrating heavy ion radiation with other mutagenic agents, adopting progressive radiation, formulating high-throughput screening schemes for mutants, and efficiently identifying, verifying, and integrating positive mutations. These strategies aim to improve the mutagenesis rate, screening efficiency, and utilization of positive mutations. Meanwhile, we envision a mutation breeding workstation that integrates a series of strategies to form a complete cycle for heavy-ion radiation-based mutation breeding. This study is expected to provide valuable insights for creating high-quality microbial resources through heavy-ion radiation.