毒素-抗毒素系统抵抗噬菌体感染研究进展

Toxin-antitoxin system resists phage infection: a review

摘要:

毒素-抗毒素(toxin-antitoxin, TA)系统广泛分布于细菌和古菌中。TA系统通常由一个能够抑制细菌生长的毒素和一个能够中和毒素毒性的抗毒素组成。目前，TA系统分为I-VIII型，其中II型TA系统的研究最为深入。然而，近年来也发现了一些非典型TA系统，如单顺反子TA系统和三组分TA系统等。自20世纪80年代发现首个TA系统(CcdB/CcdA)以来，TA系统被认为在微生物的多种生理过程中发挥重要功能。本文综述了近年来TA系统在抵抗噬菌体感染方面的功能，特别是TA系统如何特异性感知入侵噬菌体及其分子机制，旨在为探索未知TA系统的生物功能及调控机制提供参考。

关键词:毒素-抗毒素;中和机制;噬菌体;模式识别受体

Abstract:

The toxin-antitoxin (TA) system is ubiquitous in bacteria and archaea. A typical TA system generally consists of a toxin that inhibits bacterial growth and an antitoxin that neutralizes toxin toxicity. At present, TA systems are classified into types I-VIII, of which type II system is the most extensively studied. In addition, researchers have found that there are atypical TA systems such as monocistronic TA systems and three-component TA systems. After the discovery of the first TA system (CcdB/CcdA) in the 1980s, TA systems have been shown to play a key role in the physiological processes of microorganisms. In this paper, we review the research results about the roles of TA systems in resisting bacteriophage infections in recent years and summarize the neutralization mechanisms. In particular, we brief how TA systems specifically sense the invading bacteriophages and the underlying molecular mechanisms, aiming to provide reference for the research on the roles and regulation mechanisms of unknown TA systems in the future.

Key words:toxin-antitoxin;neutralization mechanism;bacteriophage;pattern recognition receptor