细菌氧化锰的分子机制

Molecular mechanism of bacterial manganese(Ⅱ) oxidation ? A review

摘要:

摘要: 氧化锰是在生物地球化学循环中起重要作用的一种高反应活性矿物, 而微生物对Mn(Ⅱ)的氧化作用是自然界中氧化锰矿物形成的主要动力。目前从海水、淡水、土壤和矿石等环境中分离到的多种细菌表现出对Mn(Ⅱ)的氧化作用, 对其相关基因与细菌锰氧化分子机制的研究已取得了一定的进展。本文简要总结了几类主要锰氧化细菌的锰氧化基因的结构与功能、基因表达的调控影响因素以及多铜氧化酶的结构和特性, 并对目前在细菌锰氧化作用的分子机制研究中存在的部分悬疑问题及未来研究方向进行了分析。

Abstract:

Abstract: Manganese oxides are a type of high-reactive minerals that play an important role in biogeochemical cycling of many major and trace elements. Bacteria are crucial in bio-catalyzing the formation of most naturally occurring Mn minerals. Currently, a variety of bacterial strains isolated from various habitats such as oceans, fresh waters, soils and ores have exhibited the distinctive bio-oxidation activities to convert the soluble Mn(Ⅱ) oxides to the insoluble Mn(Ⅳ) ones. Here we review the research advances regarding the structures and characterization of several classes of bacterial manganese(Ⅱ)-oxidizing genes, their expression regulations, the structures as well as functions of multicopper oxidases they encoded. Some raised mechanistic questions and the future research prospects are also discussed.