中药非药用部位栽培灵芝的活性成分及药效变化

Active ingredients and efficacies of Ganoderma lucidum cultivated on non-medicinal parts of Chinese medicinal herbs

摘要:

摘要：【目的】以丹参（Salvia miltiorrhiza Bge.）、菊花（Chrysanthemum morifolium Ramat.）、桔梗(Ptatycodon grandiflorum A.DC.)3 种中药材的非药用部位作为灵芝袋料栽培的原料，研究灵芝子实体活性成分及药效变化。【方法】试验比较测定了非药用部位配方组与常规组（常规组作为实验对照组，配方由玉米芯、棉籽壳等常规基质组成）的灵芝农艺性状，子实体多糖和三萜含量，并对各组灵芝进行了小鼠急性毒性试验及药效试验。【结果】结果表明，非药用部位栽培灵芝生物转化率接近或者高于常规组，生长周期有所延长；活性成分上，除了丹参组(SM.G)的三萜含量有所降低外，其余各组的活性成分较常规配方组(OF.G)均有提高，菊花组(CM.G)灵芝的多糖和三萜含量最高，分别为2.47%和0.79%。最大耐受量试验表明，非药用部位栽培的灵芝子实体的小鼠最大耐受量均为100 g/kg。溶血素试验和促睡眠试验中菊花组效果优于常规组灵芝；抗疲劳上，只有常规组灵芝表现出一定的抗疲劳功效，而非药用部位栽培的灵芝没有该药效。【结论】中药材非药用部位栽培灵芝是可行的，且子实体活性成分含量和部分药效发生了改变。

Abstract:

Abstract: [Objective] Ganoderma lucidum was cultivated on non-medicinal parts of Salvia miltiorrhiza, Chrysanthemum morifolium, Ptatycodgn grandlfiorum, as all are Chinese traditional herbal medicines. We studied the changes of active ingredients and efficacies of the Ganoderma lucidum fruit bodies. [Methods] The agronomic characters, polysaccharide and terpene contents, acute toxicity and efficacy of Ganoderma lucidum grown on the non-medicinal part of the three materials were compared with that grown on the ordinary formula group (OF.G) which was composed of corn cob, cotton seed shell.[Results] Biological conversion efficiencies of the Ganoderma lucidum fruit body using non-medicinal parts were higher than that of using the ordinary formula group (OF.G), though growth periods became longer; Contents of active ingredients were all improved except that the terpene content of the Salvia miltiorrhiza group was decreased. Both polysaccharide and terpene from the Chrysanthemum morifolium group were the highest, contents of which were respectively 2.47% and 0.79%; Acute toxicity test showed that Ganoderma lucidum fruit bodies were all with low toxicities. Mice maximum tolerance dose were 100 g/kg weight. In hemolysin test and sleeping promotion test, the Chrysanthemum morifolium group showed better effect than the ordinary formula group (OF.G). In anti-fatigue test, only the ordinary formula group (OF.G) proved to be more effective. [Conclusion] It’s feasible to cultivate Ganoderma lucidum and active ingredients and efficacies of Ganoderma lucidum have been changed using the non-medicinal parts of Chinese medicinal herbs.