海南东寨港红树林不同植被土壤微生物群落结构比较

Comparison of bacterial and archaeal community of mangrove soil under different vegetation in Dongzhaigang，Hainan Island

摘要:

摘要:【目的】比较不同植被下红树林土壤细菌和古菌的多样性及群落结构，认识红树林土壤微生物资源多样性。【方法】直接提取红树林土壤总DNA，采用细菌通用引物27F /1492R 和古菌通用引物Arch21F/Arch958R 进行PCR 扩增，构建细菌和古菌16S rRNA 基因文库，对海南东寨港自然保护区秋茄林、无瓣海桑林和无红树林裸滩土壤的细菌和古菌多样性和群落结构进行分析和比较。【结果】3 种土壤样品的细菌类群包括变形细菌门(Proteobacteria)等16个类群，其中变形细菌门(Proteobacteria)与绿屈挠菌门( Chloroflexi)是优势类群; 古菌包括6 个嗜泉古菌界(Crenarchaeota)类群和7个广域古菌界(Euryarchaeota)类群，分别以Marine Benthic Group C、Marine Benthic Group D 为优势类群。多样性指数(H')和物种丰富度指数(Schao1)表明，本地种秋茄林下土壤细菌和古菌的多样性指数最高，外来种无瓣海桑显著低于秋茄林，甚至明显低于相邻无红树林裸滩沉积物; 不同植被下土壤细菌和古菌群落结构存在显著差异，秋茄林土壤微生物群落结构和无红树林裸滩沉积物更相似。【结论】红树林土壤微生物类群丰富，不同植被下土壤细菌和古菌多样性和群落结构存在显著差异。

Abstract:

Abstract:［Objective］ We compared bacterial and archaeal diversity and community structure of mangrove soil under different vegetation，and to reveal better understanding of microbial resources． ［Methods］ Bacterial and archaeal 16S rRNA gene libraries were constructed and analyzed for soils under Kandelia candel trees，Sonneratia apetala trees，and naked tideland，in Dongzhaigang Mangrove National Nature Reserve of Hainan Island． Template DNA was directly extracted from soil samples． PCR were amplified using primers 27F /1492R (bacterial) and Arch21F/Arch958R (archaeal)．［Results］A total of 16 phyla dominated by Proteobacteria and Chloroflexi were detected in bacterial libraries，and 6 groups of Crenarchaeota and 7 groups of Euryarchaeota，predominated by Marine Benthic Group C and Marine Benthic Group D，respectively were found in archaeal libraries． Shannon-Wiener index (H') and Schao1 estimator indicated that soil microbial diversity under the introduced species Sonneratia apetala was much lower than indigenous species Kandelia candel，even lower than naked tidal flat sediment near mangrove． Distinct differences in microbial community structure under different vegetation were observed． Soil microbial community structure under Kandelia candel was much similar with that of naked tideland.［Conclusion］ Mangrove soil contained rich population of bacteria and archaea; there existed distinct differences in mangrove soil microbial community structure and diversity among different vegetation．