扭托甲基红杆菌AM1代谢工程改造及甲醇基化学品合成研究进展

Metabolic engineering of Methylorubrum extorquens AM1 and its applications in methanol-based chemical biosynthesis: a review

摘要:

甲醇因产量大、价格低等诸多优势被视为生物制造的理想非粮原料。扭托甲基红杆菌(Methylorubrum extorquens) AM1凭借其天然的甲醇利用特性而成为该领域重要的模式底盘菌株。本文对基于M. extorquens细胞工厂的甲醇生物制造研究进展进行了综述。首先，探讨了M. extorquens AM1的甲醇代谢途径和适配的合成生物学工具。在此基础上，总结了近年来针对菌株进行代谢工程改造以实现甲醇转化为重组蛋白、可降解材料、有机酸和萜类化合物等产物的研究成果，并梳理了提升工程菌株产物合成能力的代谢工程策略。最后，阐述了M. extorquens AM1细胞工厂的构建与应用局限并提出了未来研究方向。本综述将为M. extorquens细胞工厂的开发以及基于甲醇的工业产品生产提供重要参考。

Abstract:

Methanol is regarded as an ideal non-food feedstock for biomanufacturing due to its abundant supply and low cost. Methylorubrum extorquens AM1 has become a prominent model chassis strain in this field, owing to its natural ability to utilize methanol. This review summarizes recent advances in methanol-based biomanufacturing via M. extorquens AM1 cell factories. First, the methanol metabolic pathways and compatible synthetic biology tools available for this strain are discussed. Subsequently, we highlight recent achievements in the metabolic engineering of this strain for the production of recombinant proteins, biodegradable materials, organic acids, and terpenoids. Building on these findings, we outline the metabolic engineering strategies that have been employed to enhance the biosynthetic capacity of engineered strains. Finally, we discuss the current limitations in constructing and applying M. extorquens AM1 cell factories and propose future research directions. This review will serve as a valuable reference for the development of M. extorquens cell factories and for the industrial production of methanol-derived products.