两种海洋专性解烃菌降解石油的协同效应

Syntrophic effects of two species of maine obligate hydrocarbonoclastic bacteria in oil biodegradation process

摘要:

摘要：【目的】为研究在石油降解过程中海洋专性解烃菌的相互作用。【方法】以食烷菌22CO-6、JZ9B和海杆菌PY97S为实验材料构建石油降解菌群，采用重量法、GC-FID、GC-MS及棒薄层色谱等多种手段分析、比较降解菌纯培养和降解菌群对原油的降解率及石油降解后产物的多元色谱图。【结果】构建的降解菌群22CO-6+PY97S和JZ9B+PY97S中2种专性解烃菌具有明显的协同效应，它们可以使原油降解率从27.81%、83.52%分别提高到64.03%和86.89%，并且可以同时降解石油中的烷烃、芳香烃组分，包括高分子量多环芳烃chrysene及其衍生物。【结论】在石油降解过程中海洋专性解烃菌之间存在明显的协同效应，不仅可以加快石油降解，还可以彻底降解石油中生态毒性较大的高分子量化合物。

关键词:关键词：专性解烃菌;协同效应;溢油;生物降解;多环芳烃

Abstract:

Abstracts: [Objective] In order to study the mutual effects of marine obligate hydrocarbonoclastic bacteria in the oil biodegradation process, [Methods] we utilized Alcanivorax sp. 22CO-6, JZ9B and Marinobacter sp. PY97S to construct oil-degrading consortia. Multiple methods including weighting method, GC-FID, GC-MS and TLC-FID were used to analyze and compare the oil degradation rates as well as the chromatographic figures of degraded oil between OHCB pure cultures and defined consortia. [Results] The two OHCB species in the defined consortia 22CO-6+PY97S and JZ9B+PY97S exhibited strong syntrophic effects in the oil biodegradation process. And the degradation rates of oil were increased from 27.81% and 83.52% to 64.03% and 86.89%, respectively. The consortia could degrade aliphatic and aromatic fraction at the same time, including high molecular weight-PAHs chrysene and its alkyl derivatives. [Conclusion] There are obvious syntrophic effets between marine OHCBs Alcanivorax and Marinobacter strains in the oil biodegradation process, which could not only accelerate the oil biodegradation, but also decompose thoroughly the more ecotoxic high molecular weight compounds in crude oil.

Key words:Keywords: obligate hydrocarbonoclastic bacteria; syntrophic effects; oil spill; biodegradation; Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons