印度洋表层海水石油降解菌的多样性分析

Diversity of oil-degrading bacteria isolated form the Indian Ocean sea surface

摘要:

摘要：【目的】为了研究印度洋石油降解菌多样性，并获得新的石油降解菌。【方法】本研究通过印度洋表层海水样品采集、以柴油与原油1:1混合物作为碳源，从中富集、分离筛选石油降解菌，并通过PCR-DGGE对13个站点富集菌群的菌群结构进行分析。【结果】通过形态观察、生理生化反应和16S rRNA分析，共得到共29个属的51株不同的细菌，它们主要是属于α亚群和γ亚群。其中，Alcanivorax属（占18%），Novosphingobium属（占10%）和Marinobacter（占6%）Thalassospira

Abstract:

Abstract: [Objective] In order to investigate the diversity of oil-degrading bacteria in the surface seawater across the India Ocean, and to obtain new oil-degrading bacteria. [Methods] Potential oil-degrading bacteria were selected out via 1:1 mixture of diesel and crude oil as sole carbon source. Meanwhile, the community structure of 13 enrichments was analyzed by polymerase chain reaction with denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (PCR-DGGE). [Results] We obtained 51 unique strains of 29 genera after screening via morphological, physiological, biochemical and 16S rRNA analyses. They mainly belonged to α and γ- Proteobacteria. The four genera Alcanivorax (accounting for 18%), Novosphingobium (10%), Marinobacter (6%) and Thalassospira (6%) were the most predominant bacteria. Ecological analyses showed that the bacteria had high diversity with Shannon-Winner index (H) of 4.57968, and distributed even with Evenness index (E) as 0.8664771. Then Further experiments revealed oil-degrading capability of 49 strains. In addition, our investigation revealed oil-degrading ability of genera Sinomonas, Knoellia and Mesoflavibacter for the first time. DGGE fingerprint patterns indicated that the genus Alcanivorax was an important oil-degrading bacteria in the surface seawater across the India Ocean. [Conclusion] This study demonstrated a high diversity of the oil-degradation bacteria in the surface seawater of Indian Ocean, these bacteria are of potential in bioremediation of marine oil pollution.