根瘤菌-豆科植物共生体系在重金属污染环境修复中的地位、应用及潜力

Application of rhizobia-legume symbiosis for remediation of heavy-metal contaminated soils

摘要:

摘要：土壤重金属污染严重影响了人类健康和生态系统稳定，已成为亟待解决的现实问题。在重金属污染地，氮素的极端不足是植被恢复主要限制因子之一。根瘤菌—豆科植物共生体系是固氮能力最强的生物固氮体系，在促进重金属污染地氮素循化和营养元素积累中具有重要作用。本文阐述土壤重金属污染的修复方法及其特点，微生物抗重金属的机理及促植物生长和重金属积累的特性，根瘤菌—豆科植物共生体系在土壤重金属污染修复中的优越性，研究现状及应用潜力。提出应用“豆科植物—根瘤菌共生体系”修复重金属污染土壤的新思路和新任务。

Abstract:

Abstract: Heavy-metal pollution in soil is a major threat to human health and the entire ecosystem. Legumes and their associated rhizobial microorganisms are important for the biogeochemical cycles in agriculture and natural ecosystems. Legume-rhizobia symbiosis is very important in restoration of heavy-metal contaminated soils because the fixation of atmospheric nitrogen by legume-rhizobium symbiosis can increase the accumulation of nitrogen and organic matter. We reviewed the importance of remediation of heavy-metal contamination in soil and the current situation of remediation techniques, analysed the advantages and disadvantages of each remedial techniques. We address especially the superiority, recent advances and potential application of the legume-rhizobium symbiosis in remediation of heavy-metal contaminated soils.