丝状真菌红褐肉座菌（Hypocrea jecorina）纤维素酶基因的转录调控研究进展

Transcriptional regulation of cellulases and hemicellulases gene in Hypocrea jecorina

摘要:

摘要：红褐肉座菌（Hypocrea jecorina, 即Trichoderma reesei的有性型）是工业上重要的纤维素酶生产菌株，也是用于研究纤维素酶和半纤维素酶基因转录调控机制的模式菌株。在诱导物存在的条件下，H. jecorina可以迅速启动这些糖苷水解酶基因的转录表达，但不同的诱导物对纤维素酶和半纤维素酶基因的诱导表达模式存在一定差异。目前对不溶性诱导物如结晶纤维素如何诱导这些基因的起始转录问题有三种假设；并且已发现某些参与调控纤维素酶基因转录的正调控因子(Xyr1、Ace2、Hap2/3/5)和负调控因子(Ace1、Cre1)，这些调控因子可在纤维素酶基因启动子上结合且彼此间可能发生相互作用。本文系统综述了红褐肉座菌纤维素酶基因转录表达调控中的关键因素及其相互作用的相关研究进展。

Abstract:

Abstract: Hypocrea jecorina（anamorph：Trichoderma reesei）is the main industrial fungi that can produce large amounts of extracellular cellulases and hemicellulases. It also represents a model system to study the mechanism of transcriptional regulation in eukaryotes. The expression of these hydrolases genes in Hypocrea jecorina can be triggered rapidly in the presence of inducers, but differences in the inducing mode of various soluble inducers have been reported. At present, three models have been offered to explain the question of “how an insoluble inducer such as cellulose would initiate the transcription of cellulases?” Moreover, interactions between the identified positive (Xyr1, Ace2, Hap2/3/5) and negative transcriptional regulators (Ace1, Cre1), as well as the interactions between these proteins and the promoters of cellelase and hemicellulase genes have also been primarily characterized. This review focuses on the key factors and the current understanding on the regulation of expression of cellulase and hemicellulase genes in Hypocrea jecorina.