真菌二萜环化酶的研究进展

Advance in fungal diterpene cyclase－A review

摘要:

摘要：二萜类化合物广泛存在于植物和真菌中，是一类具有重要商业价值的天然产物。二萜环化酶作为催化牻牛儿牻牛儿焦磷酸(geranylgeranyl diphosphate，GGPP)形成二萜的关键生物合成酶，在不同生物中的特异性决定了二萜化合物的结构多样性和生物活性多样性。对不同物种中二萜环化酶基因的分离、克隆和表达特征的分析有利于二萜类化合物的生物合成及调控研究。相比植物，真菌二萜化合物和二萜环化酶的研究刚刚起步。本文综述了近几年真菌二萜环化酶的研究进展，重点叙述了真菌二萜化合物的生物合成途径、二萜环化酶的特征及其克隆策略，并对二萜环化酶的代谢工程作了简要概述。

Abstract:

Abstract: Diterpenoid is a huge group of nature products isolated from plants and fungi. Diterpene cyclase, which is responsible for the diterpene carbon skeleton formation from geranylgeranyl diphosphate (GGPP), is a key enzyme in the biosynthetic pathway of diterpene. The specificity of diterpene cyclase in different species results in structural diversity and bioactivity variety of diterpenoid. Isolation and characterization of the diterpene cyclase in various species will facilitate studies on the biosynthesis and regulation of diterpenoid in future. Compared to plant diterpenoids, few fungal diterpenoid and diterpene cyclase were studied. This article reviews the research advancement of fungal diterpene cyclase in recent years, especially describes the biosynthesis pathway of diterpenoid, the characteristics and cloning strategies of fungal diterpene cyclase, and the metabolic engineering of diterpenoid.