利用拟杆菌分子标记物对粪便污染溯源的研究进展

Uncultivated Host-specific Bacteroidales Markers for Identification of Fecal Source Pollution—A review

摘要:

摘要:拟杆菌(Bacteroidales) 是粪便污染的主要标志之一，近年来被广泛应用在水体微生物溯源领域，并展现了良好的应用前景。拟杆菌微生物溯源的优势在于不需要纯培养过程，直接根据拟杆菌具有的宿主特异性生物标记引物设计，通过检测水体中拟杆菌生物标记的存在情况来判断粪便污染来源。本文从人、猪、反刍动物等拟杆菌特异性生物标记的发现、引物设计以及其应用综述了拟杆菌在微生物溯源中的研究进展，指出了应用过程中的局限性。本文还对拟杆菌在溯源中的应用进行了展望。提出了寻找新的宿主特异性拟杆菌生物标记是研究的主要方向

Abstract:

Abstract:Bacteroidales has been proposed as a fecal pollution indicator． Microbial Source Tracking ( MST) based on Bacteroidales host-specific gene markers has recently been applied in the fecal pollution identification，which does not require culturing the fecal pollution indicator organisms． This method needs to design specific primers． The primers are designed based on Bacteroidales specific 16S rRNA gene． Once a pair of specific primers was amplified，the fecal pollution can be identified． In this paper，the progress of specific primers of Bacteroidales in human，swine，ruminant feces were reviewed and discussed． The advantages and disadvantages were put forward． Future researchers should be focused on the new biological markers and the combination of different MST methods．