革兰氏阴性细菌脂多糖分子Kdo2-lipid A基团的结构修饰

Kdo2-lipid A modification in Gram-negative bacteria—A review

摘要:

摘要:在大多数革兰氏阴性细菌中，脂多糖分子的Kdo2-lipid A基团是构成其外膜外层的主要成分。一些细菌通过修饰其脂多糖分子的Kdo2-lipid A基团来适应新的生存环境。Kdo2-lipid A在细胞内膜内层合成，被连上核心糖并翻转到内膜外层，再连上O-抗原重复单元，形成脂多糖分子。Kdo2-lipid A可以通过TLR4受体激活先天性免疫系统，所以其结构修饰机制的研究有助于开发新的细菌疫苗和疫苗佐剂。

Abstract:

Abstract:In most Gram-negative bacteria，the Kdo2-lipid A moiety of lipopolysaccharide forms the outer monolayer of the outer membrane．Diverse covalent modifications of Kdo2-lipid A may occur in bacteria to survive different environmental conditions．Kdo2-lipid A is usually synthesized on the cytoplasmic surface of the inner membrane．After the core oligosaccharide is attached to Kdo2-lipid A，the molecule is flipped to the outer surface of the inner membrane，where the O-antigen repeats are attached to form lipopolysaccharide．Kdo2-lipid A could activate the innate immune system through TLR4．Therefore，researches on the structure modification of Kdo2-lipid A would be useful for developing new vaccines and adjuvants.