红树林放线菌及其天然产物研究进展

Actinomycetes from mangrove and their secondary metabolites

摘要:

摘要:红树林是热带亚热带潮间带的木本植物群落。为从海洋环境寻找新的天然产物，红树林已经成为放线菌资源收集、天然产物分离鉴定及其生物合成机制研究的热点。从巴哈马红树林分离的盐孢菌所产生的盐孢菌素(Salinosporamide A)已经进入临床研究。从红树林分离的放线菌类群已经达到8个亚目11科24属，并发现新属3个，新种31个。从红树林放线菌分离的新天然产物包括生物碱、喹啉等芳香类、阿扎霉素等大环类脂及吲哚衍生物等，大多数天然产物来源于红树林链霉菌。新型吲哚咔唑、吲哚倍半萜及厦霉素等以新颖的结构备受关注，相关生物合成途径已被揭示。

Abstract:

Abstract:Mangroves are woody plants located in tropical and subtropical intertidal coastal regions． Driven by the discovery of novel natural products from marine environment，mangrove is becoming a hot spot for actinomycetes resources collection and secondary metabolites (natural products) identification as well as their biosynthesis mechanism investigation．Salinaspora A produced by a Salinispora strain isolated from Bahamas mangrove environment，is in the first clinical trial．Till the time of writing this paper，24 genera of 11 families and 8 suborders under the actinomycetale have been reported from mangrove，among which 3 are new genera，and 31 are new species．At the same time，secondary metabolites were identified from the mangrove actinomycetes culture，including alkanoids and quinines，azalomycins，antimycins，bezamides and quinazolines，divergolides，indole derivatives，kandenols，macrocyclic dilactones，and the attractive structures，such as the Streptocarbazoles，the multicyclic indolsesquiterpenes，and xiamycin presented unique structures．Their biosynthetic mechanism has also been investigated． Most of the metabolites were isolated from streptomycetes，with a few from Micromonospora and Saccharopolyspora．