不同自然环境下噬藻体g20基因多样性研究进展

Genetic diversity of capsid assembly protein genes (g20) of cyanophage in different natural environment—A review

摘要:

摘要:随着分子生物学技术发展与病毒基因组测序的推进，对地球上数量最大且广泛存在的病毒及其基因多样性的研究备受科学家们关注。迄今为止，仍未发现类似于细菌16S rDNA和真菌18S rDNA的病毒通用分子标记，但利用病毒某些家族的保守氨基酸序列设计简并性引物可研究环境中病毒多样性，并取得了一系列突破性成果。本文以编码噬藻体壳组装蛋白基因g20为目标，综述了噬藻体在海洋、湖泊和稻田中噬藻体基因多样性的研究进展，讨论了噬藻体g20基因分布与生存环境的相关性，发现不同的自然环境中都存在着独特的类群。同时指出了针对环境中噬藻体g20基因研究存在的问题及未来研究发展的趋势。

Abstract:

Abstract:With the development of molecular biological techniques and progress of sequencing virus genome，scientists pay great attentions tothe genetic diversity of viruses，which are ubiquitous and abundant in natural environments．So far，no universal genetic marker，analogous to 16S rDNA and 18S rDNAused for microbial communities exists throughout all viruses．However，some family-specific genes encodingconserved amino acids have been proposed for the evaluation of phage diversity and a series of breakthroughachievements were obtained．In this paper，we targeted the capsid assembly protein genes (g20) of cyanophages and reviewed the recent progress on their genetic diversity in natural environments of marines，lakes and paddy fields and discussed the relationship between distribution of g20 gene of cyanophages and its environments．Those studies showed that the distribution of g20 gene varied with environments and many unique clusters were found in different natural environment． In final，several research issues and the future research tendencies for the study of environmental g20 gene were also addressed in this paper．