微生物厌氧甲烷氧化反硝化研究进展

Research progress in microbial anaerobic methane oxidation coupled to denitrification—A review

摘要:

摘要:厌氧甲烷氧化反硝化过程(Denitrifying anaerobic methane oxidation，DAMO)以甲烷为电子供体进行反硝化作用，在实现废水脱氮处理的同时，可有效削减温室气体甲烷的排放，从而减缓全球温室效应。相关机制研究集中在逆向产甲烷途径耦合反硝化和亚硝酸盐依赖型厌氧甲烷氧化(nitrite-dependent anaerobic methane oxidation，n-damo)两个方面。鉴于厌氧甲烷氧化反硝化过程对全球碳氮物质循环的重要意义，本文对近年来厌氧甲烷氧化反硝化过程的研究进展进行了概述，着重阐述了有关厌氧甲烷氧化反硝化微生物富集培养物，特别是含Candidatus Methylomirabilis oxyfera(M.oxyfera)富集培养物的微生物特性、甲烷氧化反硝化的机理以及影响因子。在此基础上，探讨了厌氧甲烷氧化反硝化过程未来的研究方向和工业化应用前景。

Abstract:

Abstract:The process of denitrifying anaerobic methane oxidation (DAMO)，which uses methane as electron donor for denitrification，can achieve nitrogen remove of wastewater and simultaneously reduce the emission of methane．The research of DAMO mechanism focuses on two pathways -the reverse methanogenesis coupled denitrification and the nitritedependent anaerobic methane oxidation (n-damo)．Considering that DAMO process makes a significant contribution to global carbon and nitrogen cycling，our review summarizes the progresses of DAMO in recent years and focuses on the enrichment culture of microorganism，especially the microbiological characteristic of enrichment containing M．oxyfera．The microbiological mechanisms and parameters of the process are also reviewed． On this basis，some practical problems and prospects in the engineering application of the process are also discussed．