单胃动物肠道微生物菌群与肠道免疫功能的相互作用

Interactions between the monogastric animal gut microbiota and the intestinal immune function－A review

摘要:

摘要: 动物胃肠道栖息着大量的微生物，这些微生物及其代谢产物在营养、免疫等方面对宿主的健康有重要的意义。近年来研究发现肠道微生物与免疫系统间存在密切的交流和互作机制，尽管肠道共生菌具有定植抑制效应，但肠道微生物也可通过其特定组分刺激免疫细胞如Tregs细胞、Th17细胞的分化，肠道菌群的紊乱可能导致细菌移位、肠道屏障功能损伤，影响机体健康。宿主免疫系统可通过分泌多种免疫效应因子如MUC、sIgA、ITF、ＲegIIIγ、α-防御素等调节肠道微生物的分布和组成，调节肠道菌群的稳态。本文综述了单胃动物肠道微生物菌群的组成，深入探讨了肠道微生物菌群与动物肠道免疫功能之间的相互作用。

Abstract:

Abstract: The large numbers of microorganisms that inhabit mammalian gastro-intestine have a highly coevolved relationship with the host’s health in nutrition，immunity and other aspects．There is a complex relationship between microbiota and immune system．Although they can inhibit the pathogens invade epithelial tissue，many of these microbes have functions that are critical for stimulating host intestinal immune cells such as Tregs cells，Th17 cells differentiation．However，the disorder of the intestinal flora can cause bacterial translocation， intestinal barrier dysfunction．The mammalian immune system plays an essential role in maintaining homeostasis with resident microbial communities，though secreting a variety of immune effector cytokines such as MUC，sIgA，ITF，ＲegIIIγ，and α-defensins．Here，we review the composition of intestinal flora on simple stomach animal and the interactions between resident microbes and the immune function．