环二腺苷酸(c-di-AMP)——细菌的一种新型第二信使

Cyclic diadenosine monophosphate—a new second messenger in bacteria－A review

摘要:

摘要:环二腺苷酸(cyclic diadenosine monophosphate，c-di-AMP)是在细菌中新发现的一种第二信使分子，其参与调节多种生理功能，包括细菌的生长、细胞壁的代谢平衡以及细菌的致病力等。c-di-AMP除了在细菌中发挥作用外，它还可作为第二信使分子被真核宿主识别，激活先天性免疫应答。细菌细胞内c-di-AMP的代谢受二腺苷酸环化酶( diadenylate cyclase，DAC)和磷酸二酯酶(phosphodiesterase，PDE)的调控。本文综述了c-di-AMP的代谢途径、调控机制、受体蛋白、生物学功能以及未来的研究方向和应用前景。

Abstract:

Abstract:Cyclic diadenosine monophosphate (c-di-AMP)，a new second messenger found recently in bacteria，regulates various aspects of bacterial physiology，including cell growth，cell wall homeostasis and virulence．In addition to its functions in bacterial physiology，c-di-AMP represents a putative bacterial secondary signaling molecule sensed by eukaryotic host cells and triggers innate immunity．The level of c-di-AMP in bacteria is regulated by the activities of diadenylate cyclase (DAC) and phosphodiesterases (PDE)，the former harbors a DisA_N domain，and the latter a DHH or DHH/DHHA1 domain．This review gives an overview on metabolic pathway，regulatory mechanism，receptor proteins and biological function of c-di-AMP in bacteria，as well as its application and trends of development.