细菌CRISPR-Cas 系统功能及其与噬菌体相互作用

The functional aspects of bacterial CRISPR-cas systems and interactions between phages and its bacterial hosts-A review

摘要:

摘要:近来研究发现，细菌CRISPR-Cas 系统在宿主菌抵抗可移动基因元件(mobile genetic elements，MGEs)的过程中发挥重要作用。CRISPR-Cas还参与宿主菌群体行为和毒力基因调控、DNA修复和基因组进化过程。本文着重综述细菌CRISPR-Cas系统的结构、类型、作用机制及其适应性免疫之外的其他功能(如对内源性基因表达的调控、促进基因组进化、DNA修复等);概述噬菌体抵抗CRISPR-Cas系统的机制，并对噬菌体-宿主菌相互作用进行探讨和展望。

Abstract:

Abstract:The roles of CRISPR-Cas systems in bacterial host protection against mobile genetic elements (MGEs) are now well known，but there is mounting evidence that these systems modulate other processes，such as the genetic regulation of group behavior and virulence，DNA repair and genome evolution． Here，we reviewed the structure，types and mechanism of interference of CRISPR-Cas system as well as the additional functions of CRISPR-Cas beyond adaptive immunity．Furthermore，we discussed the mechanisms for phages to overcome bacterial CRISPR-Cas system，and the prospective evolution of interactions between phage and host．