云南大围山四种苔藓植物内生真菌多样性

Endophytic fungal diversity of four bryophyte species in Dawei Mountain，Southwest of China

摘要:

摘要:【目的】通过对云南大围山四种常见苔藓植物提灯藓(Mnium sp.)、地钱(Marchantia polymorpha)、金发藓(Polytrichum commune)和塔藓(Hylocomium splendens)内生真菌多样性的研究，丰富不同环境苔藓植物内生真菌多样性特征及其群落结构特点，为内生真菌在水生植物向陆生过渡过程中可能的生态学功能研究打 下基础。【方法】采用可培养方法分离内生真菌，结合形态学特征和分子生物学数据对所分离的菌株进行鉴定，研究其多样性。【结果】从4种植物的630个组织块中共分离得到内生真菌900株，内生真菌的分离频率和定殖率分别在1.17－1.77和96.88%－100%之间，与其他非极端环境苔藓植物内生真菌的分离频率和定殖率相近，却普遍高于已报道的极端环境苔藓植物内生真菌的分离频率和定殖率。经鉴定，这些内生真菌分属于57个分类单元，其中炭角菌属(Xylaria)、炭疽菌属(Colletotrichum)、青霉属( Penicillium)和木霉属(Trichoderma)是大围山四种苔藓植物的优势内生真菌属，但各植物的优势种各不相同，部分内生真菌显示出一定的宿主或组织专一性。四种苔藓植物内生真菌的多样性指数和相似性系数分别在1.80－3.22和0.409－0.613之间，也普遍高于已报道的极端环境苔藓植物内生真菌的多样性指数和相似性系数。【结论】 我们的研究表明，大围山苔藓植物内生真菌的多样性及丰度与相似环境中苔藓植物和维管植物的相似，但却普遍高于极端环境苔藓植物的内生真菌。因此，除宿主植物外，环境条件也是影响植物内生真菌多样性和丰度的一个重要因素。

Abstract:

Abstract:［Objective］We analyzed endophytic fungi from 4 bryophyte species: Mnium sp., Marchantia polymorpha，Polytrichum commune and Hylocomium splendens，collected from Dawei Mountain，Southwest of China，to study the diversity of fungal endophytes of bryophytes in different environment and their roles in the evolution from aquaqtic plant to terrestrial plant.［Methods］Endophytic fungi were isolated by culturable method and identified to species or genera level based on morphological characteristics and molecular analysis.［Results］Nine hundred fungal endophytes were isolated from 630 tissue segments of 4 different plants．All endophytes were identified to 57 taxon．Among them，Xylaria， Colletotrichum，Penicillium and Trichoderma were the dominant genera． The Shannon index (H') and similarity coefficients (CS) of endophytic fungi from 4 plants were 1.80－3.22 and 0.409－0.613，respectively，higher than those of bryophytes growing in extreme environments． ［Conclusion］The diversity and richness of endophytes from 4 bryophytes in Dawei Mountain are similar to those of plants growing in the similar environment.