秦岭辛家山林区云杉外生菌根真菌多样性

Diversity of ectomycorrhizal fungi associated with Picea asperata in Xin Jiashan Forest of Qinling Mountains

摘要:

摘要:【目的】为了研究秦岭辛家山林区云杉外生菌根真菌多样性状况。【方法】通过野外调查结合形态学和分子生物学鉴定方法。【结果】与秦岭辛家山林区云杉共生的外生菌根真菌有37 种不同的类型，包括1种子囊菌、34种担子菌和2 种未知种，分属于10科14属，其中丝伞盖属(Inocybe sp.)是优势类群，厌味红菇(Russula nauseosa)是优势种，蜡伞属(Hygrophorus sp.)、丝伞盖属1 (Inocybe sp.1)、柔膜菌属(Helotiaceae sp.)、Tomentella coerulea、Lactarius deterrimus是常见种，其他31种是少见种。【结论】云杉外生菌根真菌群落优势种的数量较多，而种类相对却较少;少见种的数量较少，而种类相对却较多;对于西部生态系统极度退化干旱区，鉴定出一些少见种进一步的开发和利用具有非常重要的现实意义。

关键词:关键词:云杉，外生菌根真菌，多样性，形态学，分子生物学，菌根侵染率

Abstract:

Abstract:［Objective］To study the diversity of ectomycorrhizal fungi associated with Picea asperata in Xin Jiashan Forest of Qinling Mountains．［Methods］This method combined the field investigation，morphological and molecular biology to identify ectomycorrhizal fungi. [Results］There were 37 different ectomycorrhizal fungi under 14 genera of 10 families on spruce in Xin Jiashan Forest of Qinling Mountains，34 types belonged to Basidiomycetes，1 to Ascomycete and 2 to unknown species． Among these identified ectomycorrhizal fungi types，Inocybe sp． was the dominant group; Russula nauseosa was the most dominant species; Hygrophorus sp.，Tomentella coerulea，Inocybe sp.1，Helotiaceae sp． and Lactarius deterrimus were common species; and the rest species were rare species.［Conclusion］The large number but relatively rare species of dominant family and the small number but relatively more species of rare family survived in ectomycorrhizal fungal communities of Picea asperata． For the extreme degradation in arid area of western ecological system，identifing some rare family for further development and utilization had very important practical significance.

Key words:Keywords: Picea asperata，ectomycorrhizal fungi，diversity，morphology，molecular biology，mycorrhizal infection rate