植物与丛枝菌根真菌在共生早期的信号交流

Signal exchange between plants and Arbuscular Mycorrhizae fungi during the early stage of symbiosis-A review

摘要:

摘要:丛枝菌根真菌(Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi，AMF)与大多数陆生植物互利共生具有广泛的生理生态学意义，而这一生态学功能背后的共生机制我们知之甚少。已探明AM形成前宿主植物根分泌的独脚金内酯促进AMF菌丝分支，分泌的角质单体促进AMF 在宿主根中定植;同时，菌根真菌的分支菌丝释放出脂质几丁糖(lipochitooligosaccharides，LCOs)和短链几丁质寡聚物(short-chain chitin oligomers，COs)信号分子诱导宿主基因表达、侧根发育以及形成Ca2+振荡，它们相互作用共同促进AM形成。在能同时形成菌根和根瘤的蒺藜苜蓿(Medicago truncatula)和日本百脉根(Lotus corniculatus)植物中，根瘤共生体形成过程所需的若干基因与菌根形成所需的基因有关。这些研究成果为全面揭示菌根共生体发生过程的信号转导奠定了基础。本文对目前国内外宿主植物与AM真菌之间的信号物质及其功能、相关基因及其调控功能等进行了综述，旨在为AM真菌共生早期的信号交流研究提供有价值的参考。

Abstract:

Abstract:Much is known about Arbuscular Mycorrhizae (AM)，an important component of the ecosystem，whereas little is known about the signal exchange that allows mutual recognition and reprograming for the anticipated physical interaction． This review addresses the latest advances of signal exchange between plants and AM，including signal substances and their function，related genes and regulation function in the early stage of plant-fungal symbiosis.