云南盐矿中病毒样颗粒的多样性

Diversity of virus-like particles from salt mines in Yunnan，China

摘要:

摘要:【目的】了解云南盐矿中病毒样颗粒的多样性及特征，为丰富嗜盐菌病毒资源及其生态功能研究奠定基础。【方法】采用电子显微镜直接观察、双层平板分离纯化对云南5 个盐矿样品病毒的分布和形态特征进行比较研究。【结果】电镜观察病毒富集液表明，其中含有3种不同形态的病毒样颗粒(头尾形、丝状、球状)。同时，分离获得3株嗜盐细菌病毒，其中2株感染盐单胞菌(Halomonas sp.)，1株感染色盐杆菌(Chromoha lobacter sp.)，分别命名为QHHSV-1、YPHSV-1 及YPCPV-1。QHHSV-1形成边缘清晰、透明的噬菌斑，出斑时间约为8 h，培养24 h，其噬菌斑直径可达3 mm，电镜观察显示，QHHSV-1呈头尾形，头部直径约为47 nm，其尾部极易断裂，长约75 nm;YPHSV-1形成边缘清晰、透明的噬菌斑，出斑时间约为12 h，培养24 h，其噬菌斑直径可达1 mm，电镜观察显示，YPHSV-1呈头尾形，头部直径约为50 nm，尾长约为140 nm;YPCPV-1形成边缘模糊、透光亦不易见的噬菌斑，出斑时间约为72 h，培养96 h，其噬菌斑直径可达2－4 mm，电镜观察显示，YPCPV-1呈球形，是表面有突起的多态形病毒，大小为20－50 nm。

Abstract:

Abstract:［Objective］For exploring and characterizing the diversity of virus-like particles from salt mines in Yunnan，China.［Methods］ Virus-like particles were identified from enriched brine or saline soil samples by transmission electronic microscopy and double-layer plate，and their morphological properties were further characterized.［Results］Three types of virus-like particles，head-tailed virus，linear virus and spherical virus，were observed by using transmission electronic microscopy． Then，two Halomonas viruses and one Chromohalobacter virus were subsequently isolated from Qiaohou salt mine and Yipinglang salt mine． According to the sample sources，their morphological characteristics and the character of host strains，those viruses were named as Qiaohou Halomonas Siphoviridae Virus 1(QHHSV-1)，Yipinglang Halomonas Siphoviridae Virus 1 (YPHSV-1) and Yipinglang Chromohalobacter Pleomorphic Virus 1 (YPCPV-1)．QHHSV-1 was head-tailed virus with a diameter of 47 nm icosahedrons-like head，and an easily broken 75 nm length tail．YPHSV-1 was head-tailed virus with a diameter of 50 nm icosahedrons-like head，and a 140 nm length tail．YPCPV-1 was a pleomorphic，variable-sized (20－50 nm) virus，which possessed protuberances on the virus particles.