乳酸菌微进化的研究进展

Microevolution of lactic acid bacteria-A review

摘要:

摘要:乳酸菌是食品工业中重要的微生物，乳酸菌微进化研究有助于深入解析其生物学功能与机制。随着分子生物学的发展，多位点序列分型(Multi-locus Sequence Typing，MLST)及基因组重测序(Whole-genome resequencing)等技术手段应运而生，使得从分子水平上阐述乳酸菌的系统发育和种群进化关系成为可能。MLST已被广泛用于乳酸菌遗传多样性和种群结构等微进化研究中，近期，测序成本的锐减使全基因组测序技术在乳酸菌微进化研究中的优势日益突显。本文对乳酸菌微进化的理论基础、研究方法和意义进行了阐述，并介绍了全基因组测序技术在乳酸菌微进化方面的应用，旨在为乳酸菌微进化分析研究提供新思路。

Abstract:

Abstract:Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) are important organisms in the food industry． The study of microevolution of LAB is helpful in understanding of the biological function and mechanism of these microbes． With the development of molecular biology，a large number of technical means have emerged，such as multilocus sequence typing (MLST) and whole-genome re-sequencing，which enable the study of the phylogenetic and population evolution of LAB at genetic level． MLST has already been widely used on microevolution research of LAB to analyze the genetic diversity and population structure．Moreover，recently，as a result of the declining in sequencing cost，the advantage of whole genome sequencing technology is increasingly highlighted． This article elucidates the principle，methods and scientific significance of researching LAB microevolution，as well as introduces the application of whole genome sequencing in these aspects to provide new insights into further research．