节杆菌环境适应性的基因组学研究进展

Genomics basis of Arthrobacter spp. environmental adaptability-A review

摘要:

节杆菌分布广泛,能适应多种环境条件,而且多数节杆菌具有营养多功能性,能降解多种环境污染物,因而受到人们的广泛关注。近年来,随着多株节杆菌基因组的测序完成,人们对节杆菌环境适应性的分子机制有了全面的认识。基因组学研究结果表明,节杆菌在σ因子、氧化应激、渗透应激、饥饿应激、温度应激等胁迫应激反应相关基因方面的特点使其能够在多种环境条件下生存。本文挑选部分具有代表性的节杆菌基因组学研究,对其环境适应性的基因组学基础进行综述,以期为利用节杆菌进行环境污染修复提供理论基础,并为其它细菌的环境适应性机制研究提供参考。

Abstract:

Arthrobacter species are found ecologically diverse and can survive in various environments. Many strains of these species have metabolic versatility and can degrade many environmental pollutants. Arthrobacter species are thought to play important roles in catabolism of environmental pollutants in nature. In recent years, the genomes of many Arthrobacter strains have been sequenced, which provides comprehensive information to clarify the molecular mechanisms related to environmental adaptability of Arthrobacter species. These genomics findings revealed several features that are commonly observed in Arthrobacter strains allowing for survival under stressful conditions. These include an array of genes associated with sigma factors and responses to oxidative, osmotic, starvation and temperature stresses. The genomics basis of their environmental adaptability are reviewed, which is expected to provide useful information for applying Arthrobacter strains in pollution remediation and shed some light on other bacterial environmental adaptability researches.