新城疫病毒与其它副黏病毒基质蛋白功能的比较

Function comparison of the matrix protein between Newcastle disease virus and other paramyxoviruses-A review

摘要:

近年来研究发现,副黏病毒基质蛋白(Matrix protein, M)是一种多功能病毒蛋白,在细胞内不仅能抑制宿主细胞基因的转录和翻译、调节病毒基因组的复制和转录以及招募细胞蛋白协助病毒粒子组装和出芽,还可以通过自身的泛素化和磷酸化修饰促进病毒的复制。然而,作为副黏病毒成员之一的新城疫病毒(Newcastle disease virus, NDV),其M蛋白目前仅证实参与了NDV的组装和出芽释放过程,其它副黏病毒M蛋白的功能在NDV中尚不清楚。本文结合近年来国内外副黏病毒M蛋白功能的相关研究进展,将NDV与其它副黏病毒M蛋白功能进行比较,着重阐述了M蛋白在NDV毒力、复制和致病性等方面的功能和作用机制,并对NDV M蛋白功能研究中存在的问题和今后的研究方向进行了展望。

关键词:新城疫病毒;副黏病毒;基质蛋白;组装和出芽

Abstract:

Recent studies have found that the matrix protein of paramyxoviruses is a multifunctional viral protein. In addition to inhibiting the transcription and translation of cell genes, regulating the replication and transcription of viral genome and recruiting cellular proteins to facilitate viral assembly and budding, the matrix protein can enhance the replication of paramyxoviruses through its ubiquitination and phosphorylation. However, as a member of paramyxoviruses, the matrix protein of Newcastle disease virus (NDV) is only demonstrated to participate in viral assembly and budding. Moreover, the functions of matrix protein identified in other paramyxoviruses still remain unknown in NDV. This review compares the functions of matrix protein between NDV and other paramyxoviruses, and focuses on the relationship of matrix protein to the virulence, replication and pathogenicity of NDV. Meanwhile, challenges and research prospects of NDV matrix protein are also discussed.

Key words:Newcastle disease virus;paramyxovirus;matrix protein;assembly and budding