植物专性寄生菌吸器功能研究现状

Advances in haustoria function of plants obligate parasite-A review

摘要:

吸器是专性寄生真菌和卵菌的菌丝产生的一种短小分支变态结构，由吸器体、吸器外间质和吸器外质膜3部分组成。吸器不仅仅是吸收和转运寄主植物的营养物质的功能，它在病原菌生物合成、抑制寄主的防御反应等方面也具有不同程度的作用。对吸器的深入了解将有助于更好地认识、控制专性寄生菌。本文综述了吸器关于营养吸收与致病性方面的功能，讨论了有待解决的问题及今后的研究趋势。

Abstract:

Haustoria, one of the fundamental characteristics of obligate parasite, is a micro-branch produced by biotrophic fungi and oomycetes, which is composed of haustorial body, extrahaustorial matrix and extrahaustorial membrane. It is an abnormal structure that can invade the host cell interaction with the plant. Haustoria is not only the key factor of biotrophic fungi carrying on the living specimen nutrition way but also represents significant roles in the nutrition biosynthesis and inhibiting the defense reaction of host. The dee_per understanding of haustoria will favor us acquaint obligate parasite enormously, so that we can control the corresponding diseases better. This paper summarized the function on nutrition and pathogenicity of haustoria, and the problems and the research trend in this area were discussed.