盐霉素产量提高及其活性优化

Enhancement of salinomycin production and its activity optimization-A review

摘要:

盐霉素（salinomycin）是由白色链霉菌（Streptomyces albus）产生的一元羧酸聚醚类抗生素，具有较强的抗革兰氏阳性菌和杀灭球虫的作用，而且对环境污染也较低；此外，还能特异性地抑制多种肿瘤细胞及肿瘤干细胞的生长，具有多重作用靶点，有望成为抗肿瘤的特效药。为提高盐霉素的产量，人们采用传统诱变技术和现代分子遗传学手段，对盐霉素产生菌进行了改造，获得了高产菌株；同时，通过对盐霉素化学结构进行修饰或者通过药物载体和联合用药等，增强了其活性和靶向性、减少了毒副作用。本文对盐霉素产生菌的改造策略、药物靶向性提高和活性优化等研究进展进行综述，并对今后的研究热点进行展望。

关键词:盐霉素;菌株改造;生物活性;抗肿瘤;结构修饰;药物靶向性

Abstract:

Salinomycin is a monocarboxylic acid polyether antibiotics produced by Streptomyces albus. It has strong inhibiting and killing activity against most gram-positive bacteria and various coccidiums with low adverse impact on environment. In addition, salinomycin can specifically inhibit the growth of a variety of cancer cells and cancer stem cells via targeting to multiple sites, and is a promising anti-tumor drug candidate. To obtain high yield salinomycinproducing strain, conventional mutation techniques and modern molecular genetic methods have been used. Meanwhile, bioactivity and selectivity of salinomycin could be improved by modifying the chemical structure and changing drug delivery methods. Here, we summarize the key strategies for enhancing salinomycin production and review the progresses in optimizing its drug activity and targeting properties. The future research focus is also addressed.

Key words:salinomycin;strain improvement;bioactivity;antitumor;structure modification;drug targeting property