动物宿主-肠道微生物代谢轴研究进展

Advances in host-microbe metabolic axis

摘要:

肠道中栖息着数量庞大且复杂多样的微生物菌群，在维持宿主肠道微环境稳态中发挥重要作用。微生物菌群可以利用宿主肠道的营养素，发酵产生代谢产物，与宿主机体形成宿主-微生物代谢轴（host-microbe metabolic axis）。该代谢轴既能影响营养素吸收和能量代谢，又可调控宿主各项生理过程。本文主要阐述宿主-肠道微生物代谢轴的概念、肠-肝轴、肠-脑轴、肠道微生物与宿主肠道代谢轴的互作以及对机体健康的影响。

Abstract:

There are large number of complex and diverse microbiota in gastrointestinal tract, and the gut microbes play an important role in maintaining gut environment homeostasis, not only affecting nutrient absorption and energy metabolism, but also regulating host physiological functions. Intestinal microorganisms can use nutrients of the host and then produce microbial metabolites, finally form host-microbe metabolic axis between host and gut microbes. The axis plays an important role in animal nutrition metabolism and immune homeostasis, and eventually affects the overall metabolism of host. We reviewed the concept of host-microbe metabolic axis, gut-liver axis, gut-brain axis, the interaction between gut microbiota and the host intestinal metabolism axis, and its impact on host health, with the aim to deepen our understanding about the contribution of intestinal microbes to host metabolism.