古菌蛋白激酶的研究进展

Progress in archaeal protein kinases study

摘要:

磷酸化是蛋白质翻译后修饰（post-translational modification）的主要方式，可由蛋白激酶、磷酸转移酶、磷酸化酶等多种方式催化进行。其中，由蛋白激酶（protein kinases）/磷酸酶（protein phosphatases）介导的可逆的蛋白磷酸化是细胞中信号转导的重要机制，在DNA复制、转录、蛋白质翻译、DNA损伤修复等生命过程中起广泛的调节作用。目前，古菌中蛋白激酶的研究尚属于初期阶段。虽然磷酸化蛋白质组学研究表明，古菌中存在大量的磷酸化蛋白质，但是我们对其具体催化作用的酶及调控机制尚不清楚。本文总结了古菌中已报道的蛋白激酶所参与的生命过程，包括古菌的DNA代谢、细胞代谢、细胞周期和运动机制等四个方面，并对今后的研究提出展望。

关键词:古菌;蛋白激酶;蛋白磷酸化

Abstract:

Phosphorylation is one of the main types of protein post-translational modifications, which can be catalyzed by protein kinase, phosphotransferase, and phosphorylase. Among them, reversible protein phosphorylation mediated by protein kinases/phosphatases is an important mechanism of signal transduction in cells and plays regulatory roles in the processes of DNA replication, transcription, protein translation, and DNA repair. The study of protein kinases in archaea is still at the initial stage. Although phosphoproteomics studies showed that there are a large number of phosphorylated proteins in archaea, their specific enzymes and regulation mechanisms involved are still unclear. In this review, we summarized the putative functions of the protein kinases involved in the cellular processes including DNA metabolism, cell metabolism, cell cycle and cell mobility mechanism. Finally, we also proposed the perspectives of studies on archaeal protein kinases.

Key words:archaea;protein kinase;protein phosphorylation