丝状真菌中的Velvet家族蛋白

Velvet family protein in filamentous fungi

摘要:

丝状真菌是重要的微生物资源，能够产生大量的小分子活性化合物，如β-内酰胺类抗生素、夫西地酸、环孢霉素和他汀类药物等。这些小分子次级代谢产物的生物合成受全局性调控因子的调控，除丝状真菌中已发现的LaeA外，还存在一类具有Velvet结构域的特殊调控因子，它们在丝状真菌的生长发育和次级代谢调控中发挥着重要的作用。本文综述了丝状真菌Velvet家族蛋白（VeA、VelB、VosA和VelC）的结构特征及其对有性生殖、无性生殖和次级代谢产物合成等方面的调控作用，并探讨了可能的分子调控机制通路，为揭示次级代谢调控网络和激活沉默基因产生新型结构的化合物提供一定的参考价值。

Abstract:

Secondary metabolites including β-lactam antibiotics, flusidic acid, cyclosporine and statins are produced by several groups of filamentous fungi. Secondary metabolism, growth and development process of filamentous fungi are regulated by global regulatory factor and specifically regulating factors, such as LaeA and velvet family. This review elaborates the structural features of the Velvet family proteins (VeA, VelB, VosA, VelC), analyzes the regulation of the sexual and asexual development and the secondary metabolism, and discusses possible molecular mechanisms. These results might provide a significant reference to reveal fungi regulatory networks and activate the silencing gene to produce novel compounds.