细胞受体介导的疱疹病毒侵入机制

Cellular receptors-mediated invasion of herpesviruses

摘要:

疱疹病毒（Herpesviruses）是一类较大的双链DNA囊膜病毒，广泛感染人和多种动物，以皮肤、粘膜和神经组织的疱疹性病变为特征。病毒侵入宿主细胞为整个复制周期的首要环节，而受体是介导病毒吸附、内化以及膜融合等侵入过程的关键宿主因子。因此，对受体的研究已经成为了解病毒侵入机制以及开发抗病毒制剂的突破口。本综述介绍了与疱疹病毒侵入相关的受体分子以及在这些分子介导下的跨膜机制，同时讨论了目前疱疹病毒侵入方面仍存在的问题和未来的研究方向。

关键词:疱疹病毒;囊膜蛋白;细胞受体;侵入;膜融合;内吞

Abstract:

Herpesviruses are a group of enveloped, double-stranded DNA viruses that can infect human and various animals, and induce herpes lesions in skin, mucous membranes and nerve tissues. Their invasion into host cells is the initial step in the virus life cycle, and receptors are the important host factors that mediate virus invasion, including attachment, internalization and membrane fusion. Therefore, to study receptors is important to understand viral invasion and to develop antivirals. We review here the cellular receptors and their mediation of membrane translocation. Current problems and future research needs are also discussed.

Key words:herpesviruses;envelope proteins;cellular receptors;entry;membrane fusion;endocytosis