非水虻源微生物与武汉亮斑水虻幼虫联合转化鸡粪的研究

Chicken manure co-conversion by Hermetia illucens larvae with non-associated microorganism

摘要:

[目的]益生微生物在协助亮斑扁角水虻幼虫转化有机废弃物、提高其转化效率方面具有重要的作用，本研究针对非水虻源微生物，开展与水虻联合转化鸡粪的研究，以阐明外源微生物在水虻转化畜禽粪便中的作用，对其转化机制的研究及产业化生产具有重要意义。[方法]采用稀释涂平板的方法进行鸡粪堆肥和猪粪堆肥中细菌的分析，并将筛选到的细菌分别接种到无菌的鸡粪基质中与武汉亮斑水虻幼虫联合转化，通过称重法测定转化后武汉亮斑水虻及鸡粪的重量，评价转化效果及对幼虫的影响，然后将促进转化效果明显的菌株按不同比例进行复配，与武汉亮斑水虻幼虫联合转化新鲜鸡粪，分析复配菌剂对武汉亮斑水虻幼虫转化鸡粪的影响。[结果]结果显示R-07、R-09、F-03和F-06在促进武汉亮斑水虻幼虫生长和鸡粪转化的效果上最为显著。与对照组相比，水虻幼虫转化率分别提高了27.21%、15.00%、9.93%和16.29%；基质减少率分别提高了17.94%、10.42%、7.84%和9.27%。将这4株细菌配制复配菌剂与武汉亮斑水虻幼虫联合转化鸡粪，结果显示复配比例为R-07：R-09：F-03：F-06=4：1：1：1时效果最好，与空白对照相比，武汉亮斑水虻幼虫存活率提高了10.25%，幼虫虫重增加了28.41%，幼虫转化率增加了30.46%，鸡粪减少率增加了7.69%。[结论]添加通过筛选优化的非水虻来源的微生物复合菌剂能够促进水虻高效转化鸡粪，研究结果有助于改善现有的武汉亮斑水虻幼虫转化体系，为开发新型的联合转化工艺、更加有效地处理畜禽粪便奠定基础。

Abstract:

[Objective] Aimed at studying co-conversion of chicken manure by black soldier fly larvae (BSFL) with non-associated microorganism, we evaluated the influence of larval non-associated microorganism on this conversion. [Methods] Bacteria were determined by plating serial dilutions of chicken manure and pig manure composting on LB agar plates. Each isolated strain was inoculated into sterile chicken manure and converted with BSFL. The conversion effect and the influence to BSFL were evaluated. Bacteria that efficiently promoted the conversion of chicken manure were selected and mixed in different proportions. Different bacteria mixtures were inoculated into fresh chicken manure with BSFL to analyze the efficacy of the mixed inoculation on manure conversion. [Results] Compared with the control, strain R-07, R-09, F-03 and F-06 significantly promoted the growth of BSFL and degradation of chicken manure. Conversion rate of the group inoculated with these four strains increased by 27.21%, 15.00%, 9.93% and 16.29%, respectively. Manure degradation rate increased by 17.94%, 10.42%, 7.84% and 9.27%, respectively. When the proportion of inoculated mixture was R-07:R-09:F-03:F-06=4:1:1:1, the co-conversion efficacy was the best. Compared with the control, the survival rate of BSFL increased by 10.25%, the BSFL weight increased by 28.41%, the conversion rate increased by 30.46%, and the manure degradation rate increased by 7.69%. [Conclusion] Chicken manure co-conversion by BSFL and selected non-associated microorganism could obviously enhance the efficacy of larval conversion. These results will help improve the BSFL conversion system and develop new-type co-conversion of livestock and poultry manure more efficiently.