白细胞介素-1α的成熟与分泌机制

Research progress in the mechanism of IL-1α maturation and secretion

摘要:

白细胞介素-1α（Interleukin-1α，IL-1α）是IL-1家族中重要的一员。IL-1α是广泛存在于机体中的多功能信号分子，在胞内作为重要的转录因子，调控细胞生长分化；同时可分泌至胞外参与机体炎症应答，在癌症等多种疾病的发生发展中发挥着重要的作用。IL-1α前体和成熟形式都具有生物活性，但成熟形式的IL-1α生物活性大大增强。IL-1α是许多疾病预防治疗的靶标，其成熟与分泌的机制也备受关注。近年的研究表明，病原体感染宿主诱导IL-1α的成熟与分泌受细胞内钙离子浓度及钙蛋白酶活性的调控，部分情况下还有炎症小体信号途径及其他信号途径等。本文将结合本课题组的研究成果对IL-1α的成熟与分泌机制及相关研究进行综合评述。

Abstract:

Interleukin 1 alpha (IL-1α) is a cytokine of the interleukin 1 family which is existed in many kinds of cells. It is a widespread multiple functional signaling molecule. As an important transcription factor inside the cell, IL-1α can regulate cell growth and differentiation; and secreted extracellular IL-1α can be involved in the host inflammatory responses. Furthermore, IL-1α plays distinct roles in the occurrence and development of cancer and various diseases. Although both the proform and the cleaved form of IL-1α are biologically active, the activity of cleaved form is more enhanced. IL-1α is a potential candidate target for the prevention and treatment of various diseases. Therefore, researchers have paid much attention to the mechanism of IL-1α maturation and secretion. Recent studies have shown that the maturation and secretion of IL-1α are modulated by intracellular calcium concentration and calpain activation. Inflammasome and other signaling pathways might also be involved. In this review, the latest research progresses in the structure and function, the mechanism of maturation and secretion of IL-1α and the relevant diseases are discussed.