不同因素对六盘山地区甘肃鼢鼠肠道细菌多样性的影响

Effects of the three factors on intestinal bacterial diversity of Eospalax cansus in the region of Liupan Mountains

摘要:

[目的]研究甘肃鼢鼠肠道细菌的群落结构和多样性，探讨不同环境因素对六盘山地区甘肃鼢鼠肠道细菌多样性的影响。[方法]通过Illumina高通量测序技术，对甘肃鼢鼠的36个盲肠样品进行16S rRNA V3-V4区的高通量测序，分析了肠道细菌多样性、丰度和群落结构，探讨地域、性别和季节等因素对甘肃鼢鼠肠道细菌多样性的影响。[结果]甘肃鼢鼠肠道细菌群落主要包括3个门，其中Firmicutes门占主导地位，其次是Bacteroidetes和Proteobacteri。在属水平，优势菌属分别为Oscillospira、Ruminococcus、Coprococcus和Desulfovibrio等。不同县（区）样品中，彭阳县、隆德县和泾源县三个县的甘肃鼢鼠肠道细菌菌群结构相似度较高，海原县甘肃鼢鼠肠道细菌群落结构在组内相似度高，与其他县（区）相似度低；雌性甘肃鼢鼠肠道细菌群落结构相似性高，而雄性细菌群落结构在样品间差异较大；甘肃鼢鼠肠道细菌菌群多样性秋季显著高于春季，细菌群落结构相似度秋季高于春季。[结论]不同地域、性别和季节因素对甘肃鼢鼠肠道细菌群落结构产生显著的影响，甘肃鼢鼠肠道细菌群落结构和多样性的变化对基于食源的季节性变化具有积极的响应。

Abstract:

[Objective] We studied the influence of three factors (region, gender and season) on intestinal bacterial community structure and diversity of Gansu zokor distributed in Liupan Mountains. [Methods] The V3-V4 regions of 16S rRNA genes from 36 Gansu zokors' cecum were sequenced using Illumina high-throughput sequencing technology. The sequences were used for analysis of species diversity, abundance and community structure of the intestinal bacteria. [Results] The intestinal bacteria of Gansu zokor mainly consisted of three phyla, among which Firmicutes was the most predominant phylum, and the others of Bacteroidetes and Proteobacteria. At the genus level, the predominant genera were Oscillospira, Ruminococcus, Coprococcus and Desulfovibrio. By comparing samples obtained from different regions, we found intestinal bacterial community structure presented a high similarity among the three counties (Pengyang county, Longde county, and Jingyuan county), whereas it showed a low similarity between Haiyuan county with other counties. Meanwhile, we concluded different sexes had different impacts on intestinal bacterial community structure of Gansu zokor, whereas female zokors are highly variable on the community structure of gut bacteria than male zokors. In addition, season might be an important modulator of the intestinal bacteria. The results showed that intestinal bacterial diversity of Gansu zokor was significantly higher in autumn than in spring, the similarity of bacterial community structure in autumn was also higher than in spring. [Conclusion] Region and gender merely had significant effects on intestinal bacterial community structure of Gansu zokor, whereas seasons might have significant impacts on both community structure and diversity of cecal bacteria significantly.