TOR信号调控真菌细胞的生长与代谢

Fungal cell growth and metabolism regulated by the TOR signal pathway

摘要:

TOR（target of rapamycin）是一类进化上保守的丝氨酸/苏氨酸（Ser/Thr）蛋白激酶，是真核细胞响应环境信号调控生长和代谢的关键因子。真菌TOR信号途径在营养、压力环境等刺激下，通过核糖体生物合成、营养物质摄入及代谢等过程调节维持胞内稳态。本文主要综述了酵母细胞TOR及TOR复合物的结构，以及近年来真菌TORC1蛋白在不同营养环境、压力等条件下对细胞生长与自噬、代谢以及胁迫生理响应等生命活动的调控机制进展及未来发展方向，为真菌TOR调控生长和代谢产物提供新思路。

Abstract:

Target of rapamycin (TOR) is an evolutionary conservative Ser/Thr kinase that is regarded as a key regulator in cell growth and metabolism responding to environmental stresses in eukaryotic cells. The fungal TOR signaling pathways regulate intracellular homeostasis through ribosome biogenesis, nutrient intake and C or/and N source metabolism under the stimulation of extracellular nutrition and stress. This review summarizes the fungal TOR and its structure, the regulatory mechanism and future perspectives in cell growth, autophagy, metabolism and stress physiological response under different nutritional conditions and stresses, to provide new ideas for the regulating the cell growth and metabolism through the fungal TOR pathway.