发酵饲料对生长育肥猪结肠微生物发酵及菌群组成的影响

Effect of a fermented feed on colonic fermentation and microbial composition in finishing pig

摘要:

[目的]研究复合菌发酵饲料对生长育肥猪结肠发酵、结肠黏膜与结肠内容物菌群组成的影响。[方法]采用气相色谱法检测育肥猪结肠内容物中挥发性脂肪酸浓度；采用MiSeq高通量测序方法检测育肥猪结肠黏膜与内容物中细菌菌群组成。[结果]饲喂发酵饲料对结肠黏膜及内容物中菌群多样性无显著影响（P>0.05）；显著提高了猪结肠黏膜中魏斯菌属和柔嫩梭菌属的相对丰度（P<0.05），提高了结肠内容物中魏斯菌属、Subdoligranulum菌属相对丰度（P<0.05）；饲喂发酵饲料对结肠内容物中pH、乳酸、乙酸、丙酸、异丁酸、戊酸、异戊酸和总挥发性脂肪酸浓度无显著影响（P>0.05），但显著提高了结肠内容物中的丁酸水平（P<0.05）。[结论]饲喂复合菌发酵饲料可在一定程度上影响育肥猪结肠中细菌菌群的组成，促进丁酸生成，对肠道健康具有改善作用。

Abstract:

[Objective] This study was to investigate the effect of a fermented feed on colonic fermentation and microflora of finishing pigs. [Methods] Capillary column gas chromatography was used to measure volatile fatty acid (VFA) concentration. Illumina MiSeq platform was used to detect community structure and diversity of the microflora of colonic mucosa and digesta. [Results] Fermented feed had no significant effect on microbial diversity of colonic mucosa and digesta (P>0.05), while increased the relative abundance of Weissella and Faecalibacterium in colonic mucosa (P<0.05). The relative abundance of Weissella and Subdoligranulum was higher in colonic digesta (P<0.05) compared with the control group. No significant difference was observed in pH, lactate, acetate, propionate, isobutyrate, valerate, isovalerate and total VFA concentration between the two groups (P>0.05), whereas butyrate concentration was greater in the treatment (P<0.05). [Conclusion] Fermented feed could affect the composition of colonic microflora and promote the formation of colonic butyric acid in finishing pigs, which could improve their intestinal health.