细菌样颗粒——新型乳酸菌表面展示技术及其应用

Bacterium-like particles—a novel surface display technology for lactic acid bacteria and its application

摘要:

细菌样颗粒（Bacterium-like particles，BLPs）是一种新型非遗传修饰型乳酸菌表面展示技术，外源蛋白可通过锚钩蛋白锚定于经热酸处理而得的乳酸菌肽聚糖骨架表面，形成空心表面展示颗粒。因其安全性高、表面展示密度大、黏膜递送效率高，又兼有佐剂效应，BLPs广泛应用于黏膜疫苗和黏膜佐剂的开发、病毒抗原的纯化、生物催化剂的制备等领域。本文就BLPs的构建、独特优势、目前的应用及尚需解决的问题等方面进行详细综述，以期展现BLPs新型表面展示平台的广阔应用前景。

Abstract:

The studies on lactic acid bacteria as live vehicles for expression and display of heterologous proteins or antigens have gained great progress in the past decades. Recently, a novel display system called Bacterium-like particles was designed and described. This system is based on nonliving and non-genetically modified gram-positive bacterial cells, generally the innocuous bacterium Lactococcus lactis pretreated by hot acids. The peptidoglycan-binding domain of lactococcal AcmA protein has been used as the protein anchor for heterologous surface display of various proteins on lactic acid bacteria. Compared to the living lactic acid bacteria, Bacterium-like particles have a higher binding capacity, safety, delivering efficiency, and less anticarrier response. They have been widely used in the development of mucosal vaccines and adjuvants, purification of viral antigens, and preparation of biocatalysts. In this review, we focus on the construction, unique advantages of Bacterium-like particles, and successful application in many fields. Finally, we will discuss the broad application prospects and problems to be solved in the nearly future.