细菌群体感应调控多样性及群体感应淬灭

Advance of the diversity of bacterial quorum sensing and quorum quenching

摘要:

群体感应（Quorum sensing，QS）是细菌通过信号分子分泌、识别，从而调控基因水平转移、毒力因子分泌、芽孢产生及生物膜形成等群体行为的细胞交流机制。干扰信号分子的分泌、识别，可以阻断群体感应，实现群体淬灭。群体淬灭（Quorum quenching，QQ）是目前致病性控制、致腐性预防以及生物膜污染削减的重要策略之一。本文以群体感应信号分泌-识别-响应为主线，将群体感应分为等级、平行及竞争型三类调控方式，并对其特征进行了详细阐述；同时，探讨了信号分子类似物、信号分子降解酶剂、信号受体激活剂/抑制剂等策略在不同调控方式淬灭中的适用性；最后，对群体感应调控及淬灭进行了展望，以期为丰富细菌群体感应认知、促进群体淬灭应用提供参考。

Abstract:

Quorum sensing (QS) is cell-density dependent cell-to-cell communication in bacteria. In this process, bacteria secrete and recognize the QS signals, and then coordinate the gene expressions in group level for gene transferring, virulence factor secretion, spore production, biofilm formation and so on. Interfering with any part of the process could block QS. Quorum quenching (QQ) is one of the important strategies for the control of pathogenicity, prevention of spoilage and inhibition of biofilm pollution. In this paper, according to the principal axis of secretion-recognition-response of quorum-sensing signals, bacterial QS network was divided into three types:hierarchical, parallel and competitive ones. Firstly, their characteristics were elaborated. Then, the strategies of QQ containing signal competition, signal degradation, and receptors/key proteins activation or inhibition as well as their applications were discussed. Finally, the advance for QS research was prospected. This review was beneficial to enrich the knowledge of bacteria QS and promote the application of QQ.