古菌中蛋白甲基化修饰的研究进展

Research progress in protein methylation in archaea

摘要:

蛋白甲基化修饰是翻译后修饰的主要方式之一，越来越多的报道证实古菌中存在这类蛋白修饰。目前古菌中一些甲基转移酶已经鉴定出来，但对其作用机制还不太清楚。本文对目前古菌中已经发现的蛋白质甲基转移酶和甲基化修饰可能的作用进行了总结。古菌中蛋白的甲基化修饰能够提高蛋白稳定性、影响侧链构象变化及与其他分子的相互作用，涉及DNA损伤修复和应激反应等途径。最后，本文对今后古菌中蛋白甲基化修饰的研究方向进行了展望。

Abstract:

Protein modification by methylation is one of the main ways of protein post-translational modification. More and more reports have confirmed the existence of protein methylation in archaea. Methyltransferases that are involved in the post-translational modification in archaea have been identified but their mechanism is still unclear. This article summarizes the methyltransferases reported so far and the possible roles of protein methylation. Protein methylation in archaea can improve the protein stability, affect side chain conformational changes, and facilitate interaction with other molecules. The modified proteins include those in DNA damage repair and stress response. Finally, future research directions of archaeal protein methylation are proposed.